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  <div class="section" id="glossary">
<h1>Glossary<a class="headerlink" href="#glossary" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<dl class="field-list simple">
<dt class="field-odd">Release</dt>
<dd class="field-odd"><p>2.1</p>
</dd>
<dt class="field-even">Date</dt>
<dd class="field-even"><p>Jun 05, 2020</p>
</dd>
</dl>
<p>Here, we describe several terms used in the Texas A&amp;M Oil spill / Outfall
Calculator <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TAMOC</span></code> package. For terms related to the Python programming
language, please see <a class="reference external" href="http://python.org/">http://python.org/</a> or <a class="reference external" href="https://www.enthought.com/">https://www.enthought.com/</a>. For
information on the numerical Python packages NumPy and SciPy, please see
<a class="reference external" href="http://www.numpy.org/">http://www.numpy.org/</a> and <a class="reference external" href="http://www.scipy.org/">http://www.scipy.org/</a>.</p>
<div class="section" id="terms">
<h2>Terms<a class="headerlink" href="#terms" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><em>Ambient</em> – Refers to the fluid surrounding a bubble, drop, or plume.
For the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TAMOC</span></code> package, this is usually seawater, but it could also be
freshwater.  Properties of the ambient fluid are computed using the
module <cite>seawater</cite>.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Continuous Phase</em> – The general term referring to the bulk fluid (e.g.,
water or air) that is the host for one or more particulate, or dispersed,
phases (e.g., bubbles, drops, or solid particles).</p></li>
<li><p><em>CTD Profile</em> – A vertical profile of ambient seawater properties, usually
containing conductivity (salinity), temperature, depth, and other chemical
constituents, such as oxygen, fluorescence, etc.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Discrete Bubble Model (DBM)</em> – The model proposed by McGinnis et al.
(2006) to account for bubble/droplet-scale processes. One bubble, droplet or
particle is tracked and all fluxes in and out of the fluid particle are
evaluated, primarily from correlations in Clift et al. (1978). These fluxes
are then applied uniformly to all other fluid particles at the same location
with identical properties that make up the total flux of multiphase
components. It is possible to have multiple size classes to approximate a
particle size distribution, but each particle within a given bin of the
distribution and at the same location will have the same properties.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Dispersed Phase</em> – The general term referring the fluid particles (e.g.,
bubbles, drops, or solid particles) dispersed, or spread out, in another
continuous fluid phase (e.g., water or air).</p></li>
<li><p><em>Fluid Particle</em> – The general term for a dispersed phase particle of
liquid or gas; a collective term for bubbles and drops.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Intrusion</em> – A horizontal layer forming at a level of neutral buoyancy and
that is squeezed into the layer by buoyancy forces. In certain contexts,
especially the far field, an intrusion may be referred to as a plume, but
this usage of the word plume has a different technical meaning than the mean
of plume in the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TAMOC</span></code> package; hence, we use the term intrusion
exclusively for horizontal layers of fluid at neutral buoyancy.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Momentum Jet</em> – A plume that has significant momentum originating from the
leak exit conditions.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Nearfield</em> – The region of a leak plume where vertical momentum is
affected by buoyancy.  Typically much less than one kilometer radius from
the centerline of a plume.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Peng-Robinson Equation of State</em> – One of several cubic equations of state
to account for non-ideal fluid behavior. It was developed particularly with
the goal of estimating liquid densities from standard chemical and
thermodynamic properties (e.g., molecular weight, critical point temperature
and pressure, accentric factor, etc.). The Peng-Robinson equation of state
provides the <em>Z</em>-factor for the compressibility in the ideal gas law to
estimate the density and the fugacity coefficients to estimate the chemical
activity, needed to establish solubility.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Plume</em> – Term referring vertically-rising cloud of dispersed phase
particles and entrained ambient fluid, similar in appearance to the plume of
smoke rising from a chimney. Momentum in a plume is dominated by buoyancy
effects, here caused either by the drag of the dispersed phase particles or
the negative buoyancy of the entrained ambient seawater.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Single Bubble Model (SBM)</em> – A numerical model to predict the rise of a
single fluid particle through quiescent or flowing ambient fluid. This model
uses the discrete bubble model to predict the fluid particle fate and
computes the trajectory by the superposition of the rise velocity and the
ambient currents. In the single bubble model, there is no collective
buoyancy that induces a vertical velocity of the fluid phase; for that case,
a plume model is needed (e.g., the stratified plume model).</p></li>
<li><p><em>Slip Velocity</em> – Taken as the terminal rise velocity of a fluid particle
in quiescent ambient conditions.  This is used to determine the net drag
force on the water column due to a collection of fluid particles and to
track the movement of fluid particles through the water column.  Turbulence
is known to alter the quiescent terminal rise velocity; this effect is not
accounted for in the current <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TAMOC</span></code> methods.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Stratified Plume Model (SPM)</em> – A numerical model to predict the dynamics
of a multiphase plume rising in a stagnant stratified ambient fluid. This
model uses the discrete bubble model to predict the fluid particle fate and
computes the trajectory by solving the integral plume conservation equations
for a double plume integral model, as in Socolofsky et al. (2008).</p></li>
<li><p><em>Bent Plume Model (BPM)</em> – A numerical model to predict the dynamics
of a multiphase plume rising in a flowing ambient fluid. This
model uses the discrete bubble model to predict the fluid particle fate and
computes the trajectory by solving the integral plume conservation equations
for a Lagrangian plume model, as in Lee and Cheung (1990).</p></li>
</ul>
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